For most shooters, the term “Air Gun” invokes images of plinking cans in the backyard, not taking down wild game. Yes, many entry-level air guns are limited to knocking over cans or punching holes in the paper, but higher-end models can take down almost any species you might be seeking; the key is good shooting and knowing what you are buying.

TYPES OF AIR GUNS

C02-powered — These are some of the lower-end and least costly models available, and are powered by a simple changeable CO2 cartridge. Although capable of taking down small mammals such as rodents or squirrels, many do not meet the legal requirements for hunting in most states.

Pneumatic, built-in hand pump — These models are similar to CO2-powered models, specifically in power and cost. Like the CO2 version, they can take down small mammals but are designed for general plinking. Unlike the CO2 model, they do not rely on an external power supply but instead, use a built-in hand pump to fill an internal air reservoir.

Spring-piston — A spring is compressed behind an air piston in this design. When fired, the spring releases the piston, which is driven forward to generate the necessary air pressure. This model provides the best combination of cost & performance, which makes it an excellent choice for those looking to move beyond tin cans in the backyard without breaking the bank. With a 100-yard rating of 1000 fps using a 15-grain .22 caliber pellet, these models, even the lower-end versions, can replicate a traditional firearm in many limited situations.

Pre-charged pneumatics (PCP) — These models combine technologies, using breathable air compressed to high pressure, but also have a high price tag. But, if you are serious about air gunning or looking to hunt big game with one, this is your only option. Using either a hand pump or external air supply (scuba tank, compressor, etc), the tank is filled to over 2000 psi. Each time the trigger is pulled, a small burst of air enters the chamber and propels the pellet out of the barrel.

HUNTING

Like traditional firearms, air gun rifles are capable of taking down everything from the local gray squirrel to large game — if you select the correct model. Many small game hunters, or those looking to control vermin around their property, choose a spring-piston model. The technology can produce the necessary energy to take small targets cleanly, and the lower cost makes it a suitable alternative to another .22 or .17 rifle. Large calibers, even over .50 caliber, are as reliable as a modern inline muzzleloader and can take down similar-sized games at similar ranges. When looking to hunt other than small games, the favorite design is PCP due to reliability and ease of use. Although high-end hand pump models are available in large calibers, you will likely look like Popeye after any accurate shooting, as it will take a lot of pumping to build the necessary pressure.

PENNSYLVANIA REGULATIONS

Current regulations only allow the use of air guns for the taking of small game and furbearers. However, with a growing number of air gun enthusiasts and the availability of higher-power models, many hunters are pushing for this to change. Although hunting regulation changes are slow, I suspect the species you can pursue in the Keystone State will soon grow. Some day, it may even include the big game.

Good luck, good shooting.